I want to be clear that I am a pro-life supporter, not apologist, of Obama. Although I disagree with Obama on the issue of Abortion, for reasons I explain in another post, I also disagree with many of the attacks that have been laid against him, especially that of him supporting infanticide.

The prime reason for this controversy is a fundamental misunderstanding of abortions philosophical foundation. A foundation that Obama understands as a constitutional lawyer (one who realizes that every letter of the law has meaning and implications), even though his conclusions remain different than my own. Nevertheless, Obama’s comprehension of this foundation is the main reason that he opposed BAIPA.

Obama’s rationale: by calling a born-alive pre-viable fetus a “person”, it becomes hard to philosophically argue that such a pre-viable fetus while in the womb is any less of a person. The definition of “personhood” has always been thoroughly debated. When does someone truly become a person? Conception? 2nd trimester? After viability? After birth? When your heart begins beating? WHEN?

The answer is that nobody knows (or at least no one can prove it). However, to argue that one becomes any more of a person through the physical action of birth doesn’t hold much weight. Consequently, for a supporter of abortion to agree that a born-alive pre-viable fetus is a “person” would entirely undermine the structure of abortion because it becomes philosophically arguable that the fetus is also a person inside the womb, and thus deserves the same inalienable rights.

 

Lets take a step back for a moment:

While Obama was a Senator in Illinois, thirteen different bills regarding the rights of infants born alive were proposed during the 92nd (2001-2002) and 93rd (2003-2004) Illinois General Assemblies. Five bills (92-1095, 92-1662, 93-1082, 93-2631, and 93-2855) were nearly copies of the Federal BAIPA bill, but only the fifth bill contained the neutrality clause. However, none of the 93rd assembly bills made it out of the Health and Human Services committee. Additionally, 93-2631 and 93-2855 didn’t even make it out of the rules committee (which Obama was not a member of). Finally, 93-1083 was amended to be virtually identical to the Federal BAIPA, but it was voted down: D - 6 to R - 4, with Obama lastly casting his seventh vote against. As a result, Obama’s vote was actually unnecessary, even though his authority as chair of HHS probably played a role, and the likelihood that Obama disagreed with his colleagues is small.

The reason Obama supposedly voted against the original 2001-2002 Illinois BAIPA was that it would be detrimental to the right of abortion. However, the later amendment took out the controversial phrase below that was in the original Illinois bill to greater mirror the Federal BAIPA (both final versions can be seen HERE).

(c) A live child born as a result of an abortion shall be fully recognized as a human person and accorded immediate protection under the law.

As a result, Obama has been attacked because he didn’t vote for the later amendment that virtually mirrors the Federal BAIPA, which (once again) Obama said he would have voted for. This is true. Obama might have lied, after-the-fact (ex ante), thinking that his justification would be too hard to explain and politically harmful.

Once again, I’m no Obama apologist, but before you decide to burn him in effigy for possibly lying, I must point out that this lie is at least understandable. Communicating the philosophical complexity of abortion to the masses is virtually impossible, let alone during a presidential campaign using the mass media. I don’t like, nor justify, lying, however I can’t say (if I agreed with him on abortion) that I would have done anything different. Obama is a highly pragmatic politician, thus I can at least appreciate the difficult decision of whether or not to try and explain such a complex and unpopular policy. I can say for a fact that if I were a pro-choice Senator, I would never have voted for BAIPA, neither the Illinois nor Federal version. Since Obama never had a chance to actually vote for the Federal BAIPA, I believe Obama is of the same opinion. This exact question is postulated in Roe v. Wade, where the court dismisses a prenatal fetus as being a “person” since in the Constitution, “the use of the word is such that it has application only postnatally.” 505 U.S. at 157.

Another possibility however, which can be seen in the Illinois floor debate, is that Obama voted against BAIPA because of the third component, requiring “a second physician to give an opinion of viability and to deliver such reasonable measures of care”. In the floor debate, Obama points out that this is excessive and creates an unnecessary burden, which is unconstitutional (Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992); Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)) The entire concept is also prefaced on the fact that the killing of post-viable babies (accidentally or on purpose) is widespread and thus demands serious action, which Obama says is unproven. Since I couldn’t find this component in the text of the original bill, it remains possible that it is also in the final amendment. I believe it was taken out, but I am not yet certain and thus felt compelled to share.

Lets keep in mind certain facts. The “Born Alive” rule is defined as a “legal principle holding that various aspects of the criminal law apply only to a child that is “born alive”.” BAIPA itself does nothing more than define a fetus once it is born alive, the implications of being a “person” once born alive is what causes the fetus to be protected.

Additionally, the definition of infanticide is “the killing of an infant that would otherwise live”. Clearly this absolves Obama since the Illinois Abortion Law of 1975 already protected post-viable fetuses and physicians were legally obligated to protect the life of a fetus that had “a reasonable likelihood of sustained survival of the fetus outside the womb, with or without artificial support.” Consequently, BAIPA was only concerned with born-alive PRE-viable fetuses, which have no chance of survival outside of the womb anyways. Thus Obama is as much a supporter of infanticide as any supporter of abortion.

Obama probably would have voted for a BAIPA that instead sought to make a born alive pre-viable fetus comfortable as it passed away, but both the Illinois and Federal BAIPA go much farther than that, becoming excessive and unnecessary as it relates to its primary purpose: protection. Why would a pre-viable fetus need any more protection than to be comfortable? Sadly the fetus has no chance of living. Instead, the Republicans created a definition that could undermine abortion years from now regardless of the the neutrality clause. Either way, BAIPA at least chips away at the pro-choice foundation.

An example can be seen in the Illinois statute regarding murder: 720 ILCS 5/9‑1.

A person who kills an individual without lawful justification commits first degree murder if, in performing the acts which cause the death:
(1) he either intends to kill or do great bodily harm to that individual or another, or knows that such acts will cause death to that individual …

If the definition of “individual” includes a pre-viable fetus, then the murder statute can be read like this:

A person who kills [a pre-viable fetus] without lawful justification commits first degree murder if, in performing the acts which cause the death:
(1) he either intends to kill or do great bodily harm to that [pre-viable fetus] or another, or knows that such acts will cause death to that [pre-viable fetus] …

Although Roe v. Wade forbids States from prohibiting pre-viability abortions, such a law can still have a future philosophical effect, as stated above. Not to mention the possible implications this might have on post-viability abortions.

So why did Obama vote against the last amendment to the Illinois bill that was virtually identical to the Federal BAIPA he claims he would have voted for?

 

Explanations:

1) There is an actual difference even in the last version of the bill. Unlikely.

2) Obama didn’t realize the last amendment to the bill had the neutrality clause. Unlkely.

3) A State bill has different effects than a Federal bill, since State law regulates abortion. Thus Obama would have voted for the later 2005 Illinois bill which passed and had an additional protective clause (had he still been in the Illinois Senate). Unlikely.

“Although The Definition Is Similar To The Proposed Federal Legislation, Its Application Would Have A Different Impact On State Abortion Law.” (Planned Parenthood)

4) Obama and certain interest groups (like NARAL) had fought the Republicans over so many versions of the bill that they simply no longer wanted to deal with it. Possible.

5) Obama did not believe there was a widespread problem of physicians accidentally or purposefully killing possibly post-viable fetuses that would warrant this action. Likely.

“Because if these are children who are being born alive, I, at least, have confidence that a doctor who is in that room is going to make sure that they’re looked after.” (Obama)

6) Obama had a problem with BAIPA actually being a definition bill and thought it unnecessary. Likely.

“I think it’s important to understand that this issue ultimately is about abortion and not live births.” (Obama)

“The bill was unnecessary in Illinois and was introduced for political reasons…” (Obama)

7) Obama believed that BAIPA could undermine Roe v. Wade in the future. Likely.

“Number one, whenever we define a previable fetus as a person that is protected by the equal protection clause or the other elements in the Constitution, what we’re really saying is, in fact, that they are persons that are entitled to the kinds of protections that would be provided to a – a child, a nine-month-old – child that was delivered to term. That determination then, essentially, if it was accepted by a court, would forbid abortions to take place. I mean, it – it would essentially bar abortions, because the equal protection clause does not allow somebody to kill a child, and if this is a child, then this would be an antiabortion statute.” (Obama)

 

As stated from the beginning, I emphatically oppose Obama on abortion. Personally I do believe a fetus should be considered a “person” and have rights. However, I also respect those who disagree with me and oppose any wrongful attacks on pro-choice advocates. There should be no “controversy” surrounding Obama’s stance on this issue, he simply and unequivocally supports the right to an abortion, nothing more and nothing less. Some may disagree with this position, but no one has the right to make baseless attacks against it for political gain.

 

 

  • You can find HERE, a copy of the Federal Born-Alive Infants Protection Act of 2002. Or a timeline of the 2002 BAIPA events, HERE.
  • You can find HERE, the original Illinois Senate bill (SB1082), without the changes or neutrality clause.
  • You can find HERE, the explanations given by Obama himself regarding BAIPA. And HERE.
  • You can find HERE, a history of “Born Alive Infant” legislation in Illinois by Planned Parenthood.
  • You can find HERE, a copy of the transcript of the Illinois Senate floor debate over this bill in 2002. You can find HERE, a copy of the 2002 transcript. (just search “Obama”).
  • You can find HERE, a copy of the differences between the Federal 2002 BAIPA (which Obama claims he would have signed), and the final Illinois BAIPA amendment that the Democrats (including Obama) voted down within the State Senate Health and Human Services Committee (HHS)(which Obama chairs) on March 13, 2003.
  • You can find HERE, the Illinois Senate Committee Action Report.
  • You can find HERE, the official report of the US House of Representatives Judiciary Committee explaining the intent of the Federal BAIPA.
  • You can find HERE, a Republican Staff Analysis on the original Illinois Senate Bill 1082.
  • You can find HERE, a NARAL press release of opposition to the original BAIPA.
  • You can find HERE, an index by the NRLC of documents relating to BAIPA.
  • You can find HERE, an article by Factcheck.org regarding Obama and ‘Infanticide’.
  • Illinois 92nd General Assembly. SB 1093, 22 Feb. 2001.
  • Illinois 92nd General Assembly. SB 1094, 22 Feb. 2001.


  • Illinois 92nd General Assembly. SB 1095, 22 Feb. 2001.
  • Illinois 92nd General Assembly. SB 1661, 30 Jan. 2002.


  • Illinois 92nd General Assembly. SB 1662, 30 Jan. 2002.


  • Illinois 93rd General Assembly. SB 1082, 19 Feb. 2003.


  • Illinois 93rd General Assembly. SB 1083, 19 Feb. 2003.


  • Illinois 94th General Assembly. HB 0984, 3 Feb. 2005.